Tunnels
The tunnel should preferably be mentioned in the documentation or be significant""."
Connected Sites
| Site | Rationale | Link |
| Aflaj irrigation system | ||
| Australian Convict Sites | Cockatoo Island - Dog Leg Tunnel | |
| Biblical Tells | tunnels leading to underwater springs | |
| Blaenavon Industrial Landscape | Pwll du Tram tunnel. 1780-1812. 2400mtres Horse drawn | |
| Budapest | Underground Railway 1893-6 | |
| Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks | Yoho NP: Spiral tunnels | |
| Canal du Midi | Malpas Tunnel (the first navigable canal tunnel built and the first tunnel to be excavated by gunpowder), plus earlier tunnel beneath | |
| Caves of Maresha and Bet Guvrin | ||
| City of Bath | Twerton Tunnel | |
| City of Luxembourg | Casemates and tunnels | |
| Cocos Island | Over the years Gissler dug a complex system of underground tunnels there in his treasure hunting, some of which can still be entered even today. | |
| Copán | 2 tunnels dug by archaeologists better to display aspects of the construction and earlier phases | |
| Derwent Valley Mills | Butterley Tunnel on the Cromford Canal Opened 1794 Length 3083 yards (2819m) | |
| Edinburgh | Mid-19th century Scotland Street Tunnel | |
| Fray Bentos | over- and underground tunnels for animal transportation in the factory | |
| Graz | Schlossberg tunnel system | |
| Great Spa Towns of Europe | Tunnel Urtelstein (1826/7) in Baden bei Wien | |
| Guanajuato | The subterranean Roads. The first was built in 1883-1908 other followed. | |
| Hallstatt-Dachstein | Hallstatttunnel, just behind the town of Hallstatt, on the L547 | |
| Heritage of Mercury | Almaden - The remains of mining tunnels dating back to the 18th C complete with their brick linings. among many such remains "he Baritel of San Andres" is an enormous gallery tunnelled some 50 metres underground to hold a "mule powered" hoist. See | |
| Hill Forts of Rajasthan | from Amber fort to Jaigarh | |
| Ironbridge Gorge | Tar Tunnel: "Miners struck a gushing spring of natural bitumen, a black treacle-like substance, when digging the tunnel in 1787, probably in connection with the nearby coal mine workings. It was a great curiosity in the 18th century and bitumen still oozes from the wall today." (wiki) | |
| Jeju | Tunnel Fortifications of Imperial Japan Along the Coast of Ilchulbong Peak, Jeju (National Registered Cultural Heritage - 2006) | |
| Jodrell Bank Observatory | Between Control Centre and Lovell Telescope | |
| Kazan Kremlin | under The Secret Passage Tower | |
| Lalibela | Tunnels connect the churches | |
| Las Medulas | At the Mirador de Orallan one can visit an old tunnel dug by the Romans whose technology for extracting the gold from the shale consisted of digging tunnels and feeding in water from canals so as to destabilize the rock until the face collapsed. | |
| Laurisilva of Madeira | Many Levadas include Tunnels ("To get through the central ridge, tunnels as long as 5km were constructed. Besides the levadas, including in the tunnels, are paths typically 1-2m wide, which allow access to the otherwise almost impenetrable forest" AB Eval & Nom File). E.g (within the inscribed area) | |
| Machu Picchu | There are 2 tunnels created by the Incas along the Inca trail. See "Next, the Sayaqmarka ("steep-place town") is reached followed by the tampu Qunchamarka. A long Inca tunnel and a viewpoint overlooking two valleys: the Urubamba and Aobamba (a broken word), are passed.......The trail then descends approximately 1000 metres including an irregular staircase of approximately 1500 steps .... A second Inca tunnel is along this section of trail." (Wiki) | |
| Mountain Railways of India | The Kalka-Shimla railway has 102 tunnels in its 96 kms. Originally there were 103 but tunnel no46 doesn't exist any more! | |
| Mycenae and Tiryns | Tiryns (cyclopean tunnels) | |
| Naples | Bourbon Tunnel | |
| New Lanark | Built to provide a 35ft head of water to the water wheels (later to the turbines): "1785 and later....Submerged stone and timber weir...channelling water through rock-cut tunnel at SE end of New Lanark village about 250 yards long and 12 feet in diameter under the hillside and into the lade"..." | |
| Old City of Acre | The Templers tunnel | |
| Old City of Jerusalem | The Western (Wailing) Wall Tunnel; and also "Hezekiah's Tunnel, or the Siloam Tunnel is a tunnel that was dug underneath the Ophel in Jerusalem about 701 BC during the reign of Hezekiah. It was probably a widening of a pre-existing cave and is mentioned in the Bible." | |
| Old Havana | Túnel de La Habana | |
| Palau de la Musica Catalana & Hospital de Sant Pau | There is a tunnel connecting the different buildings at the Hospital Sant Pau | |
| Paphos | 5 tunnels in Palaipaphos | |
| Petra | The Nabateans built a tunnel to control water coming down the Siq and prevent floods in time of rain. The tunnel is near the entrance to the Siq and the water emerges near the Royal tombs | |
| Pontcysyllte Aqueduct and Canal | the Whitehouse tunnel and the Chirk tunnel | |
| Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands | Cinque Terre for pedestian tunnels connecting railway stations and towns of Manarola and Riormaagiore. | |
| Provins | Der Untergrund der Altstadt ist mit mittelalterlichen Tunneln durchsetzt, die besichtigt werden k?nnen. (German Wiki) | |
| Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos | Tunnel of Eupalinos (served as an aquaduct) | |
| Rammelsberg and Goslar | Rathstiefster tunnel (c 1150), the Tiefer-Julius-Fortunatus tunnel (1585), the Roeder tunnel system, Gelenbeeker tunnel (1927) | |
| Rhaetian Railway | ||
| Rome | Passetto di Borgo (1277) - 800 metres Connects Vatican with Castel Sant'Angelo for Popes to escape | |
| Route of Santiago de Compostela | Tunnel de San Adrian | |
| Sado Island Gold Mines | Aikawa Area: "Key attributes demonstrating ore mining include (...) mabu tunnels (e.g., Sodayu-mabu, Ogiriyama-mabu Tunnel Sites), and drainage tunnels (e.g., Minamizawa Drainage Tunnel Site) which continue to fulfil a drainage function." (AB Ev) | |
| Salzburg | The 18th century Sigmundstor tunnel | |
| San Marino and Mount Titano | The tunnel of the defunct railway | |
| Semmering Railway | Semmering tunnel 1431 mtres 1848-54 | |
| Studley Royal Park | Serpentine Tunnel | |
| Sydney Opera House | Pedestrian tunnel leading into Sydney Opera House Car Park - "It is the first helical underground parking station tunnels" | |
| Teotihuacan | In late 2003 a tunnel beneath the Temple of the Feathered Serpent was accidentally discovered by Sergio Gómez Chávez and Julie Gazzola, archeologists of the National Institute of Anthropology and History (wiki) | |
| Thang Long | The Vietnamese military command under General Giap, had its headquarters in the citadel in the building known as D67. An underground tunnel enabled the military to flee to other parts in case of a raid. | |
| The Persian Qanat | Qanats are constructed as a series of well-like vertical shafts, connected by gently sloping tunnels (wiki) | |
| The Slate Landscape of Northwest Wales | Numerous e. g Llechwedd Slate Caverns. Also in the underground Hydro power station | |
| Tiwanaku | At the Akapana Pyramide | |
| Tower of London | Tower Subway -passes through western edge of inscribed area | |
| Trans-Iranian Railway | There are 224 tunnels on the line (c64 miles) | |
| Upper Middle Rhine Valley | underneath Burg Rheinfels | |
| Valletta | Valletta is heavily tunneled for drainage, defence and a railway. See | |
| Vatican City | Passetto di Borgo (1277) - 800 metres Connects Vatican with Castel Sant'Angelo for Popes to escape | |
| Villa Adriana (Tivoli) | Network of tunnels "to keep slaves, oxen and victuals below stairs" | |
| Waterton Glacier International Peace Park | Ptarmigan Tunnel: "The 250-foot (76 m) manmade tunnel allows hikers to avoid a strenuous climb over very steep terrain between Many Glacier and the Belly River valley." | |
| West Norwegian Fjords | Gudvanga Tunnel | |
| Würzburg Residence | 63-meter-long tunnel connecting the wine cellars with tanks, now transformed into a 'history tunnel' |
Suggestions?
Do you know of another WHS we could connect to Tunnels?
A connection should:
- Not be "self evident"
- Link at least 3 different sites
- Not duplicate or merely subdivide the "Category" assignment already identified on this site.
- Add some knowledge or insight (whether significant or trivial!) about WHS for the users of this site
- Be explained, with reference to a source